A fault tree is a type of diagram used to analyze and identify the various components of a system that could lead to a failure. It is a graphical representation of a system’s potential failures and their causes. Fault trees are used to analyze complex systems and can be used to identify potential failure points and the probability of their occurrence. The tree is composed of a root cause, which is the most likely cause of the failure, and then branches out to the various components of the system that could lead to the failure. Each branch is labeled with a probability, which is the likelihood of that component causing the failure. The probabilities are then used to calculate the overall probability of the system failing. Fault trees are an invaluable tool for system designers and engineers as they can help identify potential risks and plan accordingly.